they should never perform exercise during the time that their insulin level is at its peak. The ideal time for a diabetic to exercise is when their blood glucose level is between 100 to 200 mg/dl or about thirty to sixty minutes after meals. They should also avoid exercising when their blood glucose is above 250 mg/dl and ketones are present in the urine.
There are metabolic effects that occur with exercise that type 1 and type 2 diabetics should be aware of. In the case of type 1 diabetes, glucose control can be compromised if proper adjustments are not made in food intake or insulin administration. People with type 2 diabetes who take oral hypoglycemic medications may be at risk of post-exercise hypoglycemia.
Here are some general guidelines that may assist in regulating the glycemic response to exercise in persons with type 1 diabetes.
1. Metabolic control before exercise: Avoid exercise if fasting glucose levels are greater than 250 mg/dl and ketosis is present. Eat added carbohydrates if glucose levels are less than 100 mg/dl.
2. Blood glucose monitoring before and after exercise: identify when changes in insulin of food intake are necessary. Learn the blood glucose response to different exercise conditions.
3. Food intake: Consume added carbohydrates as needed to avoid hypoglycemia. Carbohydrate-based foods should be readily available during and after exercise.
People with type 1 diabetes who do not have complications and are in good blood glucose control can perform all levels of exercise, including leisure activities, recreational sports, and competitive sports. To do this safely, the diabetic must posses the ability to collect self monitored blood glucose data while exercising and use this data to adjust their insulin and nutritional therapy.
Exercise can increase the risk for hypoglycemia in people with type 1 diabetes. Hypoglycemia during exercise of forty minutes or less is rare. Onset of hypoglycemia is more likely to occur after exercise, often four to ten hours after. Blood glucose levels should be monitored at one to two hour intervals after exercise to assess response to the exercise and allow for adjustments in insulin and food intake.
Showing posts with label diabetes mellitus type 2 definition. Show all posts
Showing posts with label diabetes mellitus type 2 definition. Show all posts
Tuesday, April 6, 2010
Type 2 diabetic(High blood glucose ).
Type 2 diabetes is a disease characterized by high levels of blood glucose. The body of a type 2 diabetes patient does not make proper use of insulin and shows insulin resistance. Lower the concentration of insulin lower is the blood sugar transported into cells and stored as energy. This increases the blood sugar levels. This leads to another disorder known as hyperglycemia.
High blood glucose levels normally trigger the pancreas to produce more and more insulin, although this insulin is failed to be utilized by the body. One of the major diagnoses of this disease is by blood tests for insulin that gives high plasma insulin counts as a result. This disease is prevalent in major populations of the developed countries since most of them face obesity. People who are overweight show insulin resistance since the fat interferes with the insulin function.
It is a non-insulin dependent diabetes and it is seen to be independent of the age of the patient. It can occur in both children and adults. Almost in all cases, people suffering from this disease do not show any prominent signs of the onset of the disease and they can go as far as eight years without the disease being diagnosed. Most people are obese at the time of diagnosis; however, it can also develop in patients who are thin but elderly.
There are many causes of this disease amongst which the most frequent cause is excess body weight. Excess body weight in turn is caused by absence of physical activity and intake of fatty foods. Genetic factors also play a major role in bringing about type 2 diabetes in people. Other causes may include low activity level, poor diet, old age (above 45 years), High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels low in the body at about less than 35mg/dl or higher triglyceride levels of above 250mg/dl, high blood pressure, family history of gestational diabetes, previous incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and sometimes race and ethnicity of the people.
High blood glucose levels normally trigger the pancreas to produce more and more insulin, although this insulin is failed to be utilized by the body. One of the major diagnoses of this disease is by blood tests for insulin that gives high plasma insulin counts as a result. This disease is prevalent in major populations of the developed countries since most of them face obesity. People who are overweight show insulin resistance since the fat interferes with the insulin function.
It is a non-insulin dependent diabetes and it is seen to be independent of the age of the patient. It can occur in both children and adults. Almost in all cases, people suffering from this disease do not show any prominent signs of the onset of the disease and they can go as far as eight years without the disease being diagnosed. Most people are obese at the time of diagnosis; however, it can also develop in patients who are thin but elderly.
There are many causes of this disease amongst which the most frequent cause is excess body weight. Excess body weight in turn is caused by absence of physical activity and intake of fatty foods. Genetic factors also play a major role in bringing about type 2 diabetes in people. Other causes may include low activity level, poor diet, old age (above 45 years), High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels low in the body at about less than 35mg/dl or higher triglyceride levels of above 250mg/dl, high blood pressure, family history of gestational diabetes, previous incidence of impaired glucose tolerance and sometimes race and ethnicity of the people.
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